人民卫生出版社

CSCO黑色素瘤专家委员会（编著）

1 前 言

黑色素瘤是临床上较为常见的恶性肿瘤之一，也是发病率增长最快的恶性肿瘤之一，年增长率为3%～5%。2010年全球黑色素瘤新发病例199 627例，死亡例数为46 372例。据统计，2008年发达地区黑色素瘤男性和女性发病率分别为9.5/10万和8.6/10万，死亡率分别为1.8/10万和1.1/10万；欠发达地区的男女发病率分别为0.7/10万和0.6/10万，死亡率分别为0.3/10万和0.3/10万。虽然黑色素瘤在我国发病率较低，但近年来成倍增长，每年新发病例约2万人。因此，黑色素瘤已经成为严重危及我国人民健康的疾病之一，然而在我国黑色素瘤这种疾病长期不被人们认识，甚至对一般的医疗工作者来说也很陌生，为了推动我国临床肿瘤学事业的发展，提高黑色素瘤多学科规范化综合治疗和研究水平，积极学习和应用国内、外的符合循证医学原则的高级别证据，制定符合我国国情的黑色素瘤临床实践指南，临床肿瘤学协作专业委员会（CSCO）于2007年5月成立了CSCO黑色素瘤专家委员会，并组织多学科专家参与，于2008年制定了《中国黑色素瘤专家共识》第一版，后于2009年、2011年经过多次专家研讨会，先后修订了两版《中国黑色素瘤诊治指南》，此次再次经专家研讨会并反复广泛征求意见，制定了《中国黑色素瘤诊治指南2013版》。

2 本指南更新内容（与2011年版比较）

（1）流行病学

新增：亚洲及东亚黑色素瘤发病率及死亡率情况（来自发表于GLOBOCAN 2008的WHO统计数据）。

新增：2007年中国黑色素瘤发病率及死亡率情况（数据来自中国肿瘤防治办公室）。

（2）黑色素瘤诊治流程图释中

1）临床分期中对于Ⅰ期及Ⅱ期患者分层标准的修改：

ⅠA期：厚度≤0.75mm，无溃疡，有丝分裂率<1mm²；

ⅠB期：厚度≤0.75mm，伴溃疡，和（或）有丝分裂率≥1mm²；

ⅠA期：厚度在0.76mm到1mm之间，无溃疡，有丝分裂率<1mm²；

ⅠB期?

7 指南解读部分（正文）

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