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病例 晚期原发性肝癌的靶向治疗经验
案例诊断
原发性肝癌
病历摘要

患者,21岁。

主诉:上腹部不适半月。

现病史:患者半月前无明显诱因自觉上腹部不适,无发热、呕吐。无呕血、黑便。外院CT示:肝脏巨大占位。为求进一步治疗,患者拟“原发性肝癌”收入我科。发病以来胃纳、大小便正常,体重减轻2kg。

既往史:乙肝“小三阳”史4年,肝功能一直未检查。

个人史、家族史:无异常。

体格检查:生命体征平稳,PS评分0分,消瘦,巩膜无黄染,右肋缘下4cm可触及肝脏,较硬。双下肢无水肿。

辅助检查:AFP 58344μg/L(2009-02-04)。CT(2009-02-05):肝硬化,右肝巨大占位,直径17cm,肝内多发子灶,最大直径2cm,门静脉主干、左、右支癌栓,下腔静脉可疑癌栓(图33-1)。

图33-1 上腹部CT示右肝巨大占位,肝内多发病灶

诊断:原发性肝癌。

讨论
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诊治经过

:患者入院后经科室讨论,AFP显著升高,肝内可见占位性病变,诊断为“原发性肝癌”明确。入院后CT经仔细阅片提示下腔静脉无癌栓。由于病程为晚期,肝内病灶多发,合并血管侵犯,失去手术根治机会,决定予分子靶向药物治疗,于2009-02-08开始口服多吉美(索拉非尼)治疗。

转归

:治疗过程中出现腹泻,脱发,手足皮肤反应(HFSR),恶心、腹胀、食欲不良等副反应,曾因HFSR及恶心、腹胀等停药两次,每次持续大概5~7天。2009-06-25出现高热,即入住当地医院,后出现肝功能衰竭,表现为腹胀、黄疸、双下肢水肿,一般情况恶化,于2009-08-27死亡。生存期:6个月。

参考文献

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8.Zhu AX,Clark JW.Commentary:Sorafenib Use in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Underlying Child-Pugh B Cirrhosis-Evidence and Controversy\[J\].The Oncologist,2009,14:67-69.

9.Bruix J,Sherman M,Llovet JM,et al.Clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma.Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000EASL Conference\[J \].J Hepatol,2001,35(3):421-430.

10.Llovet JM,et al.Panel of Experts in HCC-Design Clinical Trials:Design and Endpoints of Clinical Trials in Hepatocellular Carcinoma\[J\].J Natl Cancer Inst,2008,100(10):698-711.

11.Abou-Alfa GK,Schwartz L,Ricci S,et al.PhaseⅡstudy of sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma\[J\].J Clin Oncol, 2006,24:4293-4300.

12.Zhang Z,Zhou X,Shen H,et al.Phosphorylated ERK is a potential predictor of sensitivity to sorafenib when treating hepatocellular carcinoma:evidence from an in vitro study\[J\].BMC Med,2009,7:41-44.

13.Llovet JM,Bruix J.Molecular targeted therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma\[J\].Hepatology,2008,48:1312-1327.

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